Plums
Discover how to grow plums successfully in the Netherlands with extensive tips for soil preparation, planting techniques, maintenance and harvest. Learn how to grow healthy plum trees for a bountiful harvest.
With the right preparation, location and care, you can grow strong plum trees in the Dutch climate that produce a rich harvest year after year. Discover how to optimally prepare the soil, get young trees to grow well and keep them healthy with pruning, nutrition and protection against diseases and pests, so that you can enjoy juicy, tasty plums from your own garden for years to come.
Preparation and cultivation
Soil preparation for strong roots
A good start starts with an airy, nutritious soil. Dig the soil deeply in autumn or early spring and mix in well-rotted compost or old farmyard manure. Plums like a slightly calcareous, well-drained soil with a pH around 6.5. Avoid wet areas where water remains, as this can cause root rot. Flatten the soil and remove weeds so that young trees have direct access to nutrients and oxygen-rich soil.
The right location and planting
Choose a sunny, sheltered spot where the tree gets at least six hours of sun per day. Preferably plant in early spring, as soon as the ground is no longer frozen. Dig a large planting hole, carefully loosen the roots and plant the tree at the same depth as in the nursery. Fill with improved soil, press lightly and water generously. Place a sturdy tree pole on the windward side to prevent crooked growth and tie the trunk loosely with a tree tie.
Cultivation and young tree protection
The first years are all about healthy growth. Keep the soil weed-free and water regularly during dry periods, especially in summer. Apply a layer of compost in the spring as fertilizer and mulch to retain moisture. Check regularly for aphids and caterpillars and remove affected leaves in a timely manner. Protect young trunks in winter with a tree protector against frost cracks and damage. In this way, the young plum tree develops a strong root system and a balanced crown structure.
Planting and care
When and how to plant out
Plant young plum trees in early spring or late autumn, when the soil is not frozen and still sufficiently moist. Dig a large planting hole, mix compost into the excavated soil and position the tree so that the graft site remains just above the ground. Press the soil well and water generously. Place a sturdy support post for young trees to prevent wind damage and keep the soil slightly moist in the first weeks for good root development.
Care during growth
A healthy plum tree requires regular care. Provide extra water during dry periods, especially in the first years after planting. Apply a layer of organic fertilizer or compost around the trunk in the spring, but keep the base of the trunk free to prevent mold. Remove weeds and mulch with straw or wood chips to retain moisture. Check regularly for aphids and caterpillars and remove affected leaves to limit the spread of disease.
Prune and maintain for a rich harvest
Prune plum trees immediately after harvest, in summer, to prevent wound infections. Remove dead, crossing or inward growing branches so that light and air can reach the crown properly. Keep the tree open in shape to promote fruit set. In the spring, thin out excess fruit so that the remaining plums grow larger and healthier. Check the tree annually for cracks or gum formation and treat in time to maintain its vitality.
Harvest and store
Determine the right harvest time
Plums are ripe when they peel easily with a gentle twist and their colour is fully developed, ranging from yellow to deep purple depending on the variety. In the Netherlands, the harvest usually takes place between the end of July and the beginning of September. Pick in dry weather to prevent mold formation and use both hands to avoid bruising the fruits. Check regularly as plums do not all ripen at the same time. By harvesting on time you retain the best taste and structure, ideal for fresh consumption or processing.
Storing and ripening plums
Freshly harvested plums can be left to ripen for a few days at room temperature, but then keep them cool to prevent spoilage. They will keep in the refrigerator for about a week, provided they are not too close together. Do not place them next to strongly scented products, because plums quickly absorb odor. For longer storage you can halve, core and freeze them. This way you retain the taste and nutritional value, perfect for later use in cakes, compotes or smoothies.
Processing and preserving the harvest
An abundant harvest of plums can be excellently processed into jam, chutney or juice. Remove the seeds and use ripe, but not overripe, fruit for the best flavour. By drying plums or pickling them in light syrup you can significantly extend their shelf life. Store pickled plums in a cool, dark place and check the seals of jars regularly. This way you can enjoy the sweet taste of your own plums, straight from the garden, even in winter.
Plum tree 'Opal' self-pollinating
A strong and early-bearing plum tree that is highly resistant to the Dutch climate. The 'Opal' produces sweet, juicy fruits and is ideal for small gardens thanks to its compact growth and limited maintenance requirements. Plant it in a sunny spot with well-drained soil and provide extra water during dry periods for a rich harvest in the summer.
View productOrganic fruit tree fertilizer
A natural fertilizer specially developed for fruit trees such as plums, apples and pears. The composition promotes healthy root development, strong flowering and abundant fruit set. Apply the fertilizer in early spring and after harvest to provide the tree with balanced nutrition throughout the season and to strengthen its resistance.
View productTree spiral or tree protector
Effectively protects young plum trees from being eaten by rabbits and mice and prevents damage from wind or mowing. The spiral is easy to apply around the trunk, allows sufficient air and light to pass through and grows with the tree. This way the bark remains undamaged and the young tree can develop well in every season.
View product